The matai system stems from ancient Polynesian culture. A village comprises a group of extended families, aiga. Each family is led by a matai who represents the family on the fono, or village council. There are over 362 villages in Samoa and 18,000 matais. Matais can be male or female and are elected by family members, or inherit this office. The village council comprised of all matais in the village is headed by the highest chief or ali'i. Each village also has an orator chief - tulafale who conducts ceremonial and oratory duties and is seen carrying a fue - sennit mop, when on offical business.

Fa'a Samoa

Samoa is a land where unspoiled customs, cultures and courtesies still exist. Fa'a Samoa - the Samoan way is steeped in tradition and operates within a set of traditional Samoan protocols that vary between villages. Visitors are not expected to know the intricacies of Samoan life, but any attempt to understand and appreciate in fa'a Samoa is appreciated.

Sunday is a special day of rest and prayer in Samoa and some beaches and scenic spots are closed. The majority of citizens are committed Christians and numerous religions are represented here. Renowned for their churches and beautiful singing, experiencing a Sunday service is a highlight for many visitors and you will be most welcome. However dress appropriately and it is customary to make a small donation.

Village Protocols

Samoans are very warm and generous with hospitality and smiles. If you are travelling around the islands you're sure to be welcomed by the friendly villagers so an introduction to their ways will make your visit even more enjoyable. If you have any doubts about protocols ask your host or a village member. Always ask permission before taking photos in a village.

Wear bathing suits for swimming and sunbathing, but cover up in the streets of Apia and the villages. Skimpy clothing isn't recommended in Samoa and for church a light coloured dress or lavalava is appropriate. Sa (or curfew for evening prayers) usually takes place between 6pm and 7pm, lasts 10 to 20 minutes and is often marked by a bell or the blowing of a conch shell. Avoid walking or driving through villages during Sa. If you are invited into a Samoan house or fale, leave shoes outside and sit cross-legged on the floor, tuck your legs under yourself or cover them with a mat and don't point your feet at others. Never stand inside a fale when elders are seated.

Ten Samoan words

1. Hello - Malo
2. Good bye - Tofa
3. Thank You - Faafetai
4. Please - Faamolemole
5. Bad - leaga
6. Beautiful - Manaia
7. How are you? - Oa mai Oe?
8. Good thank you - Manuia faafetai
9. I am hungry - Fia ai a'u
10. Surf - fa'ase'e

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